AvatarFusion: Zero-shot Generation of Clothing-Decoupled 3D Avatars Using 2D Diffusion

Large-scale pre-trained vision-language models allow for the zero-shot text-based generation of 3D avatars. The previous state-of-the-art method utilized CLIP to supervise neural implicit models that reconstructed a human body mesh. However, this approach has two limitations. Firstly, the lack of avatar-specific models can cause facial distortion and unrealistic clothing in the generated avatars. Secondly, CLIP only provides optimization direction for the overall appearance, resulting in less impressive results. To address these limitations, we propose AvatarFusion, the first framework to use a latent diffusion model to provide pixel-level guidance for generating human-realistic avatars while simultaneously segmenting clothing from the avatar's body. AvatarFusion includes the first clothing-decoupled neural implicit avatar model that employs a novel Dual Volume Rendering strategy to render the decoupled skin and clothing sub-models in one space. We also introduce a novel optimization method, called Pixel-Semantics Difference-Sampling (PS-DS), which semantically separates the generation of body and clothes, and generates a variety of clothing styles. Moreover, we establish the first benchmark for zero-shot text-to-avatar generation. Our experimental results demonstrate that our framework outperforms previous approaches, with significant improvements observed in all metrics. Additionally, since our model is clothing-decoupled, we can exchange the clothes of avatars. Code will be available on Github

A Two-Step Strategy for the Rapid Enrichment of Nitrosocosmicus-Like Ammonia-Oxidizing Thaumarchaea

Ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) are widely distributed on the earth and play a significant role in the global nitrogen cycle. Although dozens of AOA strains were obtained in the last 13 years, it is still necessary to obtain more AOA strains for the entire exploration of their ecology, physiology, and underlying biochemistry in different environments. In this study, we designed a two-step strategy for the rapid enrichment of Nitrosocosmicus–like AOA from soils. Firstly, combination of kanamycin and ampicillin was chosen as the selective stress for bacteria and quartz sands were used as the attachment of AOA cells during the first step cultivation; only after 40–75 days cultivation, AOA enrichments with abundance >20% were obtained. Secondly, combination of ciprofloxacin and azithromycin was chosen as the selective stress for the following cultivation; it is able to penetrate the biofilms and kill the bacterial cells inside the aggregate, contributing to the AOA enrichments reached high abundances (90%) only after one-time cultivation. Basing on this strategy, three AOA strains were obtained from agricultural soils only after 90–150 days cultivation. Phylogenetic analysis suggested these AOA belong to the soil group I.1b Thaumarchaeota and are closely related to the genus Nitrosocosmicus. In general, AOA enrichment or isolation is very difficult and time-consuming (an average of 2–3 years). Here, we provide a new strategy for the rapid enrichment of high abundance of Nitrosocosmicus-like AOA from soil, which gives a new solution to the AOA enrichment and cultivation in a short period

First description of Blastocystis sp. and Entamoeba sp. infecting zoo animals in the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau area, China

Protozoan parasites are a well-known threat to human health, particularly for people working at or visiting zoos, and potentially cause zoonotic diseases in humans. Captive wildlife may be potential reservoirs for human infection with protozoan parasites. Therefore, focusing on zoonotic protozoan infections in zoo animals is critical. However, there is no report on this topic in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau region. In this study, a total of 167 and 103 fecal samples were collected from 12 animal species from Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Wildlife Park in winter and summer, respectively, to detection the prevalence of infections and subtype distribution with Entamoeba sp., Cryptosporidium sp., Giardia duodenalis, Enteromicrosporidia bieneusi sp., Blastocystis sp. by PCR assay. The results showed that a total of 21 fecal samples collected in winter, including from 2 white-lipped deer, 8 Sika deer, 6 blue sheep, 2 wolves and 3 bears, were positive for Entamoeba, with a 12.6% (21/167) positive rate. However, 4.9% (5/103) of animals in summer were positive for Entamoeba, including 1 snow leopard, 1 tiger, 1 Tibetan argali and 2 mouflon. Moreover, 1 white-lipped deer and 1 bear were found to be positive for Blastocystis sp., one zoonotic STs (ST10) was identified and found in white-lipped deer. We found no effect on season on Blastocystis sp. and Entamoeba sp. colonization. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first description of Blastocystis sp. and Entamoeba sp. infecting zoo animals in the plateau area. The findings provide the latest data on Entamoeba sp. and Blastocystis sp. in zoo animals in China

Brood size and sex ratio in response to host quality and wasp traits in the gregarious parasitoid Oomyzus sokolowskii (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)

This laboratory study investigated whether the larval-pupal parasitoid Oomyzus sokolowskii females adjust their brood size and sex ratio in response to body size and stage of Plutella xylostella larval hosts, as well as to their own body size and the order of oviposition. These factors were analyzed using multiple regression with simultaneous entry of them and their two-way interactions. Parasitoids brood size tended to increase with host body size at parasitism when the 4th instar larval host was attacked, but did not change when the 2nd and 3rd instar larvae were attacked. Parasitoids did not vary in brood size according to their body size, but decreased with their bouts of oviposition on a linear trend from 10 offspring adults emerged per host in the first bout of oviposition down to eight in the third. Parasitoid offspring sex ratio did not change with host instar, host body weight, wasp body size, and oviposition bout. Proportions of male offspring per brood were from 11% to 13% from attacking the 2nd to 4th instar larvae and from 13% to 16% across three successive bouts of oviposition, with a large variation for smaller host larvae and wasps. When fewer than 12 offspring were emerged from a host, one male was most frequently produced; when more than 12 offspring were emerged, two or more males were produced. Our study suggests that O. sokolowskii females may optimize their clutch size in response to body size of mature P. xylostella larvae, and their sex allocation in response to clutch size

Analysis of the spatial range of service and accessibility of hospitals designated for coronavirus disease 2019 in Yunnan Province, China

COVID-19 poses a major threat to global health care systems, and the recent surge in mortality rates confirms the importance of timely access to care. The capacity of medical service providers is reflected both in the spatial accessibility of medical institutions and in the spatial scope of their services. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the spatial scope of services and spatial accessibility of COVID-19-designated hospitals in Yunnan Province, China. Data are collected from multiple sources and included COVID-19 case data, road data, and data from designated hospitals for COVID-19 in Yunnan Province. The optimal spatial service range for designated hospitals is delineated using a weighted Voronoi diagram that takes into account the number of medical staff and the number of beds in the hospital. Traffic accessibility coefficients are introduced to analyze the spatial accessibility of COVID-19-designated hospitals, and the spatial accessibility of each designated hospital is visualized using the inverse distance weighting interpolation algorithm. The results show the following: (1) COVID-19 cases in Yunnan Province are concentrated in the central and northern regions. The largest single cells in the weighted Voronoi diagram are mainly Pu'er (59168 km2), Honghe (35569 km2), and Baoshan (46795 km2), and the time cost of attainting medical treatment is greater for residents in marginal areas. (2) Within the service space of designated hospitals, 90.24% of patients could obtain medical assistance within 2 h. Those in 52 (36.36%) counties within a municipal jurisdiction could obtain medical services within 2 h, and 76.47% of counties have above-average spatial accessibility. (3) Medical resources in Yunnan Province should be shifted toward the high-risk east-central region and the less spatially accessible in southern and western regions

Selenium-Infused Ordered Mesoporous Carbon for Room-Temperature All-Solid-State Lithium-Selenium Batteries with Ultrastable Cyclability

\Selenium with a similar reaction mechanism with sulfur and a much higher electronic conductivity is considered to be a promising cathode for all-solid-state rechargeable batteries. Herein, selenium-infused ordered mesoporous carbon composites (Se/CMK-3) are successfully prepared by a melt-diffusion method from a ball-milled mixture of Se and CMK-3 (Se-CMK-3). Furthermore, their electrochemical performances are evaluated in all-solid-state lithium-selenium batteries at room temperature. Typically, Li/75%Li2S-24%P2S5-1%P2O5/Li10GeP2S12/Se/CMK-3 all-solid-state lithium-selenium batteries exhibit high reversible capacity of 488.7 mAh g(-1) at 0.05 C after 100 cycles. Even being cycled at 0.5C, it still maintains a discharge capacity of 268.7 mAh g(-1) after 200 cycles. The excellent electrochemical performances could be attributed to the enhanced electronic/ionic conductivities and structural integrity with the addition of the CMK-3 matrix

Improving the Interfacial Stability between Lithium and Solid-State Electrolyte via Dipole-Structured Lithium Layer Deposited on Graphene Oxide

Utilization of lithium (Li) metal anode in solid-state batteries (SSBs) with sulfide solid-state electrolyte (SSE) is hindered by the instable Li/SSE interface. A general solution to solve this problem is to place an expensive indium (In) foil between the SSE and Li, while it decreases the output voltage and thus the energy density of the battery. In this work, an alternative strategy is demonstrated to boost the cycling performances of SSB by wrapping a graphene oxide (GO) layer on the anode. According to density functional theory results, initial deposition of a thin Li layer on the defective GO sheets leads to the formation of a dipole structure, due to the electron-withdrawing ability of GO acting on Li. By incorporating GO sheets in a nanocomposite of copper-cuprous oxide-GO (Cu-Cu2O-GO, CCG), a composite Li anode enables a high coulombic efficiency above 99.5% over 120 cycles for an SSB using Li10GeP2S12 SSE and LiCoO2 cathode, and the sulfide SSE is not chemically decomposed after cycling. The highest occupied molecule orbital/lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy gap of this Li/GO dipole structure likely stretches over those of Li and sulfide SSE, enabling stabilized Li/SSE interface that can replace the expensive In layer as Li protective structure in SSBs

Development of higher power density evaporative cooling magnet coils in ECR ion source

<span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 22px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248);">Traditional electron cyclotron resonance ( ECR) ion source coil with higher power density have some disadvantages, such as high pressure in the water-cooling system, restricted cooling ability, complex maintenance and operation system. A new ECR ion source coil was designed by using self-circulation evaporative cooling technology. The new design is based on the principle of self-circulation evaporative cooling, besides, the layout structure of ECR ion source coil and high operation reliability are both considered. The coil is composed by disk coil arrays. Vertical cooling channels are set among unit coils, where evaporative cooling coolant flows automatically driven by the heat of coils. According to the parameter index of LECR - DRAGON ion source magnet coil, the test model of evaporative cooling magnet coil was built. The experimental results show that the window current density of the new designed coil can be 12A/mm</span><sup style="margin: 0px; list-style: none; padding: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 22px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248);">2</sup><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 22px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248);">&nbsp;, which can maintain a long-term stable and reliable running. The evaporative cooling magnet coil can meet the requirements of practical engineering.</span

brucefan1983/GPUMD: GPUMD-v3.9.1

&lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt;Fixed a few bugs related to MTTK integrator and &lt;code&gt;replicate&lt;/code&gt;, see #523 for details&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Improved the documentation&lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt